Michael J. Schlosser and Nian Hong Zhou

Residue class biases in unrestricted partitions, partitions into distinct parts, and overpartitions

(18 pages)

Abstract.

We prove specific biases in the number of occurrences of parts belonging to two different residue classes a and b, modulo a fixed non-negative integer m, for the sets of unrestricted partitions, partitions into distinct parts, and overpartitions. These biases follow from inequalities for residue-weighted partition functions for the respective sets of partitions. We also establish asymptotic formulas for the numbers of partitions of size n that belong to these sets of partitions and have a symmetric residue bias (i.e., for 1 ≤ a < m ̸ 2 and b = m − a), as n tends to infinity.


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